Tumbler for combination-locks.



N. S.-G. BESHAROV.

TUMBLER FOR comsmmou LOCKS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 28. I914.

1,156,741. Patented 001.12, 1915.

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-mnm ,z za/zzh INVENTOR Z6 Naum Sfibeshamv ATTORNEYS parts whichwill beset forthwith 'particu 'larity in the following descriptionfand STATESPA ENT mce NAUM snAnus-eonexsnnsnanov, oE-rAr-EEson, NEW JERSEY.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, NAUM S. G. BEsHARov, a subject of the Czar ofRussia, a'n'da resident of Paterson, inthe county of Passaic and Stateof New Jersey, have i'nvented a new and Improved Tumbler forCombination-Locks, ofwhich the following is a full, clear, andexactdescription.

, This inventionrelates to improvements in combination locks of the typedisclosed in United States Letters Patent Number 1,046,253, granted tome December 3, 1912, and the invention has to deal more particularlywith improvements in the construction of the tumblers forsuchcombination locks.

yThe invention has for its'general' objects to improve and simplify theconstruction of tumblers for combination locks so as to be more reliableand eflicient in operation and inexpensively and. expeditiouslymanufac-- tured and assembled. 1

,With such objects in view and .others which will appear as thedescription proceeds, the invention comprises various novel features ofconstruction and arrangement of claims appended hereto. j

In the accompanying 7 drawing, which illustrates one embodiment of theinvention and wherein similar characters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the views, Figure 1 is an elevation of a lockwith .portions broken awayto illustrate the tumbler mechanism and'thebar controlled thereby that in turn controls the throwing of thebolt of the lock; Fig. 2 is a plan view of one of the tumblers, Fig. 3isa sectional view on theline 33,"Fig. 2; FigLAriS a perspective view ofthe cover plate of theytumbler; Fig. 5'is a plan view of thebottom plateof the tumbler with several of the spring-actuated gates andgate catchesassembled; Fig. 6 is a plan view of the bottom and intermediate plates,part of the latter plate being broken away, and Fig. 7 is a detailviewshowing one of the gates and the key recess controlled by the gate.

Referring the casing of a combination lock which contains the tumblermechanism B for'control' ling the throwing of the bolt 2of the lock,this controlling being effected by the'tumbler mechanism B acting on abar? which has a keye which prevents movement of the bar Sunless thevarious tumblers 5 are'in'a to the drawing, A designates TUMIBLERFORCOMBINATIONLOGK.

- Patented Uct.12, 19151. Application filed November 28, 1914. SerialNo. 874,466.

predetermined'position with certain gates in r alinement so that the keycan pass into engagement successively with the alining gates to throwthe same open, as will be under-- stood by reference to the patenthereinbefore referred to. On the bar 3 are stops 6 and 7 j thatcoiiperate with the tumblers when the bolt is in locking position'andthe tumblers then shifted, whereby such stops form bar- 'riers forengaging the tumblers or their closed gates to. prevent the key-carryingbar 3 from being moved to efiect the unlocking of the bolt. These partsare of usual construction so that more detailed explanation is deemedunnecessary. x p

Each tumbler is'composed of three plates are fastened together to formmeans for holding the gates 11 and the gate'catches 12.

8, 9 and 10 which are of circular form and Thebottomplate 10 is fastenedto an en the axle 17 on which the tumblers turn. The

endof the bushing 16 opposite from the plate 10 enters an opening 17 onthe top plate 8. The intermediate plate 9 is fastened to the platelO byscrews 18 and the plate 8 is fastened to the plate 9 byscrews 19.Confined between the intermediate plate 9 and bottom plate 10 areradially movable gates 11 which slide guideways formed by approximatelysemi-cylindrical grooves 21 in the plate 10a'nd corresponding grooves22in thepate 9. These gates are of round cross-section and each has a lug23 on its inner end'that engages the outer end of a radial slot 24,whereby the outer movementof a gate is limited. Between the inner endofeach gate and thehub-forming bushing 16 is interposed a helical spring25 which urges the gate outwardly, but its movement is limited by thelug 25,. Associated with each gate is a catch 12 that is slidabletransversely to its associated gate, so that when the latter is pressedinwardly the catchwill spring outwardly in f ont of the gate and ho d te same etracted, there being behind each catch 'a s rin 27. The catch 12and coactin sprin P a e g held in place. hen the several plates are puttogether after the gates 11 and their springs and tne catches 12 andtheir springs are assembled, the teeth of the various plates register,so that a plurality of radial slots or recesses 34 are formed, eachhaving a gate 11, and through any one of these recesses the key 4, Fig.1, is capable of passing when the tumbler or tumblers'occupy apredetermined position. It is to be noted that the plateS is of smallerdiameter than the plates 9 and 10, as thelower end of the key 4 and thestop pins 6 and 7 are adapted to lie in the same plane with the plates 8of the respective tumblers when the bolt is in locking position, asshown in Fig. 1, these pins servingto act as bafliers to prevent theunlockingof the bolt by any one who does not know the proper combinationfor the tumblers.

To insure easy movement of the gate 11 inwardly when the key 4 engagesthe same, the side of each recess 84 opposite from that side from whichthe catch 12 projects, is formed with a shallow groove 34 Fig. 7, andthe gate 11 bears therein so that there is no possibility of the gatebinding by being canted or tilted as the key 4 engages and wipestransversely past it. To: permit the tumblers B to rotate with a minimumof friction, washers 35 are interposed between the tumblers and arrangedon the axle 17 From the foregoing description taken in connection withthe accompanying drawing, the advantages of the construction and methodof operation will be readily understood by those skilled in the'art towhich the invention appertains, and while I have described the principleof operation, together with the device whichl now consider to be thebest embodiment thereof, I desire to have it understood that the deviceshown is merely illustrative and that such changes may be made whendesired as are within the scone of the appended claims. 7 7

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire tosecureby Let ters Patent:

1. A tumbler-for a combination lock comprising a ring, a circular bodydisposed within and connected with the ring, there being anapproximately circular slot between the ring and body, said body beingmade of a plurality of plates separably connected and provided withradial slots lying in the plane of division of the plates, sliding gates7 tion, said body having in its periphery recesses into which the gatesnormally extend and through any one of which a key is adapted to pass toforce'the gate open while the bolt of the lock is being thrown tolocking position, the catch of the open gate being automaticallyreleased by the key during its return movement. St

2. A tumbler fora combination lock to control the operation of the boltthereof, said tumbler comprising a body having one or more recessesthrough which a key is adapted to pass duringthe throwing of the 85 bolttoand from looking position, said body being made of separabl-yconnected plates each having oppositely-disposed grooves formingguideways, gates slidable in the said guideways and of round;cross-section and adapted normally to close the recesses of the body,means for urging the gates outwardly, stops on the gates arranged toengage one of the plates towlimit the outward movement of the gates, andspring-pressed catches arranged in the body and adapted to beautomatically projected into engagement with the gate when the latter isin open position and to be automatically released by a key passing theopen gate in order to permit the gate to return to normal position whenthe key has passed.

3. A tumbler of the class described comprising inner and outer plates, ahub on one of the plates and extending through the other plates, saidplates having their peripheries provided with registering recesses,sliding gates mounted between two of the plates to normally close therecesses, springs interposed between the gates and said hub for normallyholding the gates outwardly, spring-pressed catches mounted in one ofthe outer plates, whereby any gate will be held in open position, therebeing openings in the middle plate registering with the spring-pressedcatches, and projections on the other outer plate to enter the openingsof the inner plate for holding the springpressed catches in place.

7 4. In a combination lock, the combination of a key-carryingelementmovable with the bolt of the look, a plurality of spacedprojections thereon, a key on the element spaced from the projections, aplurality of tumblers movable with respect to each other and: to thesaid element, a plurality of spring-pressed gates on each tumbler, meanscarried by the tumbler whereby a gate when thrown open-by engagementwith the key is automatically held in open position, said 189 tumblerseach having its rim and body portion of the same thickness axially andthe body portion being made of separable plates, and one of the platesat each tumbler being of smaller diameter than the others, whereby theprojections and one extremity of the key can lie in the same plane withthe smaller plates of the tumblers when the key-carrying element is in aposition corresponding to the locking position of the bolt.

5. In a combination lock, a tumbler having a recess through which a keyis adapted to pass, a sliding gate in the tumbler and normally closingthe recess, and a catch in one side of the recess to engage and hold thegate in open position, said gate being of round cross-section and theside of the recess opposite from the catch having a guide groove inwhich the gate slides.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for 6. In a combination look, atumbler having a recess through Whlch a key is adapted to pass, asliding gate of round cross-seckey Wipmg transversely past the gate, a

catch at one side of the recess for engaging and holding the gate inopen position after being moved to such position by the key,

and guide means at the side of the recess opposite to the catch and WithWhich gate slidably engages. Y

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

NAUM SHAMUS-GORGIS BE SHAROV.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. 0.

